# Instructional Coordinators

US SOC code 25-9031. Markdown version of https://futurehistory.earth/timeline/25-9031

Also called: Curriculum coordinator, Curriculum specialist, Instructional specialist, Instructional coach, Curriculum and instruction coordinator.

## In brief

In May 2025, [BLS](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip) counted **227,760** US instructional coordinators, with median pay of **$77,440** a year. Of the BLS counts since 2003, the May 2025 count is the highest. The earliest figure here is [an estimate](https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d22/tables/dt22_213.10.asp) of **57,837** from 2000, not measured the same way as today's count. The current technology era for instructional coordinators: AI lesson-planning tools, since 2022.

## What the sources say

### Official outlook

BLS projects employment to grow 1.6% from 2025 to 2035. Source: [BLS Employment Projections 2025-35](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=25-9031&ioType=o).

### AI exposure studies

- **52.5%** of this job's tasks are exposed to large language models. Not a forecast of job losses. [Eloundou and others, 2023](https://github.com/openai/GPTs-are-GPTs/blob/main/data/occ_level.csv)
- **0.0042** estimated probability that the whole occupation could be computerised, over an unspecified number of years. Not a forecast of job losses. [Frey and Osborne, 2013](https://oms-www.files.svdcdn.com/production/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf)

### Since the 2013 prediction

In 2013, Frey and Osborne put this job's probability of computerisation at 0.0042. BLS counted **133,840** of these jobs in May 2013 and **227,760** in May 2025 (+70%, a change derived by Future History).

Data as of BLS OEWS May 2025; BLS Employment Projections 2025-35. BLS publishes these counts as yearly survey snapshots and cautions against reading them as a precise trend. In May 2021 BLS changed how it estimates these counts (a model-based method using three years of survey data) and moved fully to the 2018 occupation codes, so part of a change across 2021 can come from the method rather than the work.

## Instructional Coordinators employment and pay by year

- On record since: 1943
- Latest US employment: 227,760 (May 2025). Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 [2]
- Latest US median pay: $77,440 (May 2025). Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 [7]
- Outlook: +1.6% by 2035. Source: BLS Employment Projections 2025-35 [19]

### In other countries

The latest figure each country's statistics agency publishes for this job. Each uses its own occupation definition, survey basis and currency, so the numbers are not directly comparable with each other or with the US figures.

- **Canada** (NOC 41405)
  - Employment, 2020: 26,390. Source: Statistics Canada Census 2021 [5]. Statistics Canada Census of Population 2021: number of persons with employment income in NOC 41405 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers, Canada, reference year 2020. A recipients basis (anyone with employment income during the year), slightly broader than a point-in-time employed count. Statistics Canada Open Licence.
  - Median pay, 2020: C$79,500. Source: Statistics Canada Census 2021 [11]. Statistics Canada Census of Population 2021 (Table 98-10-0586): median employment income for NOC 41405 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers, Canada, reference year 2020, full-year full-time workers (the basis comparable to the US OEWS full-time median). Statistics Canada Open Licence.

### All 26 years of cited US data

| Year | US employment | Annual pay (median unless marked) | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1965 | n/a | $7,500 (estimate) | Est., NCES Digest Table [6] |
| 1990 | n/a | $38,000 (estimate) | Est., National Center for Education Statistics [6] |
| 2000 | 57,837 (estimate) | n/a | Est., NCES [1] |
| 2003 | 96,690 | $47,470 | BLS OEWS May 2003 [2] |
| 2004 | 106,590 | $48,790 | BLS OEWS May 2004 [2] |
| 2005 | 112,880 | $50,430 | BLS OEWS May 2005 [2] |
| 2006 | 117,630 | $52,790 | BLS OEWS May 2006 [2] |
| 2007 | 117,940 | $55,270 | BLS OEWS May 2007 [2] |
| 2008 | 122,180 | $56,880 | BLS OEWS May 2008 [2] |
| 2009 | 124,480 | $58,780 | BLS OEWS May 2009 [2] |
| 2010 | 128,780 | $58,830 | BLS OEWS May 2010 [2] |
| 2011 | 130,230 | $59,280 | BLS OEWS May 2011 [2] |
| 2012 | 133,100 | $60,050 | BLS OEWS May 2012 [2] |
| 2013 | 133,840 | $60,610 | BLS OEWS May 2013 [2] |
| 2014 | 133,780 | $61,550 | BLS OEWS May 2014 [2] |
| 2015 | 139,460 | $62,270 | BLS OEWS May 2015 [2] |
| 2016 | 147,330 | $62,460 | BLS OEWS May 2016 [2] |
| 2017 | 157,490 | $63,750 | BLS OEWS May 2017 [2] |
| 2018 | 163,900 | $64,450 | BLS OEWS May 2018 [2] |
| 2019 | 176,690 | $66,290 | BLS OEWS May 2019 [2] |
| 2020 | 174,900 | $66,970 | BLS OEWS May 2020 [2] |
| 2021 | 184,740 | $63,740 | BLS OEWS May 2021 [2] |
| 2022 | 198,660 | $66,490 | BLS OEWS May 2022 [2] |
| 2023 | 207,270 | $74,620 | BLS OEWS May 2023 [2] |
| 2024 | 210,850 | $74,720 | BLS OEWS May 2024 [2] |
| 2025 | 227,760 | $77,440 | BLS OEWS May 2025 [2] |

## Sources (86)

### Employment series

1. [NCES — "Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by type of assignment: Selected years, fall 1949-50 through fall 2021" (Digest of Education Statistics, Table 213.10)](https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d22/tables/dt22_213.10.asp), National Center for Education Statistics
2. BLS OEWS, national cross-industry estimates (flat file), Bureau of Labor Statistics. Editions: [2003](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm03nat.zip), [2004](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm04nat.zip), [2005](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm05nat.zip), [2006](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm06nat.zip), [2007](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm07nat.zip), [2008](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm08nat.zip), [2009](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm09nat.zip), [2010](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm10nat.zip), [2011](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm11nat.zip), [2012](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm12nat.zip), [2013](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm13nat.zip), [2014](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm14nat.zip), [2015](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm15nat.zip), [2016](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm16nat.zip), [2017](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm17nat.zip), [2018](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm18nat.zip), [2019](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm19nat.zip), [2020](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm20nat.zip), [2021](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm21nat.zip), [2022](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm22nat.zip), [2023](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm23nat.zip), [2024](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm24nat.zip), [2025](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip)
3. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2006, Table 97-563-XCB2006069 (Wage and salary statistics by occupation, NOC-S 2006), income reference year 2005](https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&PID=96285), Statistics Canada
4. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2016, Table 98-400-X2016356 (Occupation by employment income statistics, NOC 2016), income reference year 2015](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/98-400-X2016356), Statistics Canada
5. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2021, Table 98-10-0586 (Employment income statistics by occupation unit group, NOC 2021), income reference year 2020](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810058601), Statistics Canada

### Wage series

6. [NCES Digest Table — estimated average annual salary of public elementary and secondary school teachers and administrators circa 1964-65; curriculum supervisors typically earned modestly above the teacher average (~$6,500) and below superintendent salaries; ESTIMATE tier](https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d09/tables/dt09_078.asp), National Center for Education Statistics
7. BLS OEWS, national cross-industry estimates (flat file), Bureau of Labor Statistics. Editions: [2003](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm03nat.zip), [2004](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm04nat.zip), [2005](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm05nat.zip), [2006](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm06nat.zip), [2007](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm07nat.zip), [2008](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm08nat.zip), [2009](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm09nat.zip), [2010](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm10nat.zip), [2011](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm11nat.zip), [2012](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm12nat.zip), [2013](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm13nat.zip), [2014](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm14nat.zip), [2015](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm15nat.zip), [2016](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm16nat.zip), [2017](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm17nat.zip), [2018](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm18nat.zip), [2019](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm19nat.zip), [2020](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm20nat.zip), [2021](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm21nat.zip), [2022](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm22nat.zip), [2023](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm23nat.zip), [2025](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip)
8. [BLS OEWS May 2024, national cross-industry estimates (flat file)](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm24nat.zip), U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
9. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2006, Table 97-563-XCB2006069 (Wage and salary statistics by occupation, NOC-S 2006), income reference year 2005](https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&PID=96285), Statistics Canada
10. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2016, Table 98-400-X2016356 (Occupation by employment income statistics, NOC 2016), income reference year 2015](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/98-400-X2016356), Statistics Canada
11. [Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2021, Table 98-10-0586 (Employment income statistics by occupation unit group, NOC 2021), income reference year 2020](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810058601), Statistics Canada

### Tool eras

12. [ASCD — "About ASCD": over 80 years serving curriculum supervisors and instructional leaders (founded 1943 through NEA department merger)](https://www.ascd.org/about), ASCD
13. [Wikipedia — "Elementary and Secondary Education Act" (signed April 11, 1965; Title I provisions, $1.3B initial appropriation, professional development and instructional materials funding)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_and_Secondary_Education_Act), Wikipedia
14. [Wikipedia — "Common Core State Standards Initiative" (historical context: state standards movement preceding Common Core, NCTM Standards 1989 as precedent)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Core_State_Standards_Initiative), Wikipedia
15. [Wikipedia — "No Child Left Behind Act" (signed January 8, 2002; AYP requirements, annual testing, standards-based accountability framework)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act), Wikipedia
16. [NCES — "Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by type of assignment: Selected years, fall 1949-50 through fall 2021" (Table 213.10, instructional coordinator headcount growth 2010-2021)](https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d22/tables/dt22_213.10.asp), National Center for Education Statistics
17. [MagicSchool AI — Product overview: 3M+ teachers, 80+ AI tools, 7-10 hours/week time savings on lesson planning, rubrics, IEP goals, differentiated materials (2025)](https://www.magicschool.ai/), MagicSchool AI
18. [BLS National Employment Matrix — 25-9031 Instructional Coordinators (2024-34 projections: +1.3% employment change, base 232,600)](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=25-9031&ioType=o), Bureau of Labor Statistics

### Forecasts and exposure studies

19. [BLS Employment Projections 2025-35, National Employment Matrix: 25-9031 Instructional coordinators (2025: 248.7 thousand; 2035: 252.8 thousand; +1.6%)](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=25-9031&ioType=o), Bureau of Labor Statistics
20. [Frey & Osborne (2013), "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?", Appendix (SOC 25-9031 Instructional Coordinators: probability 0.0042, rank 16 of 702)](https://oms-www.files.svdcdn.com/production/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf), Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford
21. [Eloundou, Manning, Mishkin & Rock (2023), "GPTs are GPTs", occupation-level exposure data occ\_level.csv (O\*NET-SOC 25-9031.00, human-rated β 0.525)](https://github.com/openai/GPTs-are-GPTs/blob/main/data/occ_level.csv), OpenAI

### Historical notes

22. [ASCD (merged successor to NEA Dept. of Supervisors and Directors of Instruction) — organizational history; Wikipedia: "ASCD" (1943 merger of NEA Society for Curriculum Study and Dept. of Supervisors and Directors of Instruction)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCD), Wikipedia / ASCD
23. [Wikipedia — "Elementary and Secondary Education Act" (signed April 11, 1965; Title I provisions; first major federal K-12 education investment)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_and_Secondary_Education_Act), Wikipedia
24. [Wikipedia — "No Child Left Behind Act" (signed January 8, 2002; AYP requirements, annual standards-based testing, data disaggregation by subgroup)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act), Wikipedia
25. [Wikipedia — "Common Core State Standards Initiative" (standards released June 2, 2010; 41-state Race to the Top adoption; Kentucky first implementer August 2010)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Core_State_Standards_Initiative), Wikipedia
26. [MagicSchool AI — Product overview: 3M+ teachers, 80+ AI tools, 7-10 hours/week time savings (2025); BLS National Employment Matrix 25-9031: +1.3% projected 2024-34](https://www.magicschool.ai/), MagicSchool AI / Bureau of Labor Statistics
27. [O\*NET 25-9031.00 — BLS 2024-34 employment projections (+1.3% growth, 21,900 annual openings); science-of-reading mandate context from state legislative wave 2021-2024](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/25-9031.00), O\*NET / BLS

### Predecessors & successors

28. [O\*NET 25-2031.00 — Secondary School Teachers; the teacher-to-coordinator pipeline is the most common entry path for K-12 instructional coordinators](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/25-2031.00), O\*NET / BLS
29. [O\*NET 25-2021.00 — Elementary School Teachers; literacy coaching and reading specialist paths are common coordinator pipelines especially post-science-of-reading mandates](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/25-2021.00), O\*NET / BLS
30. [O\*NET 11-9032.00 — Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/11-9032.00), O\*NET / BLS
31. [O\*NET 13-1151.00 — Training and Development Specialists](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/13-1151.00), O\*NET / BLS

### Present-day analysis

- [O\*NET 30.3 — Instructional Coordinators (25-9031.00)](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/25-9031.00), accessed 2026-05-24
- [BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook — Instructional Coordinators (2024–2025): median annual wage $74,620; 167,300 employed; 8% projected growth 2023–2033](https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/instructional-coordinators.htm), accessed 2026-05-24
- [Eloundou et al. 2024 — GPTs are GPTs (Science/arXiv): LLM exposure framework; instructional coordination tasks scored high text exposure but relational/advisory tasks are under-captured](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10130), accessed 2026-05-24
- [ASCD — Taking a Transformative Approach to AI (Educational Leadership): AI tools create unprecedented opportunities for educators; curriculum leadership and change management remain human-led](https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/taking-a-transformative-approach-to-ai), accessed 2026-06-21
- [EdWeek — Can AI Effectively Coach Teachers? (Feb 2025): AI-assisted coaching tools piloted in NYC and NJ districts; coaching conversations and post-observation feedback identified as requiring human judgment](https://www.edweek.org/leadership/can-ai-effectively-coach-teachers/2025/02), accessed 2026-06-21
- [MagicSchool AI — Curriculum Mapping and Scope & Sequence tools (2025): generates draft curriculum maps from standards sets; 4M+ teacher users as of April 2025](https://www.magicschool.ai/), accessed 2026-05-24
- [CoSN — Artificial Intelligence in K-12 Education (2025): CoSN guidance hub for instructional and technology leaders on responsible AI integration, readiness tools, and generative AI implementation roadmaps](https://www.cosn.org/ai/), accessed 2026-06-21
- [RAND — Teachers and AI: A Survey of Teacher Perspectives on AI Tools in K-12 Education (2024): instructional coaching conversations rated highest human-irreplaceable function by teachers and coaches surveyed](https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA956-21.html), accessed 2026-05-24
- [CCSSO — Considerations for AI in K-12 Education: guidance for state education agencies on FERPA, COPPA, and ESSA evidence standards in EdTech AI procurement (2025)](https://learning.ccsso.org/ccssos-artificial-intelligence-ai-resource-hub), accessed 2026-06-21
- [ISTE — AI in Education: Guidance for Educators on Responsible AI Use (2025)](https://iste-ascd.org/ai), accessed 2026-05-24
- [IXL — AI Curriculum Mapping and Real-Time Diagnostic: auto-generates standards-alignment gap reports across grade bands; used in 95+ countries, 14M+ students (2025)](https://www.ixl.com/diagnostic), accessed 2026-06-21
- [Otus — AI assessment and curriculum alignment platform: automated standards-based reporting and subgroup performance dashboards for K-12 district coordinators (2025)](https://otus.com/), accessed 2026-05-24

How to read these figures: https://futurehistory.earth/methodology. Every figure links to its own source; gaps stay gaps.