# Concierges

US SOC code 39-6012. Markdown version of https://futurehistory.earth/timeline/39-6012

## In brief

In May 2025, [BLS](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip) counted **49,240** US concierges, with median pay of **$38,950** a year. Of the BLS counts since 2003, the May 2025 count is the highest. BLS counts here go back to May 2003, when there were **16,710** jobs. The last full technology era for concierges: Digital guest messaging platforms and senior-living technology, 2015 to 2023. Senior-living and healthcare concierge employment grew substantially through this period, partially offsetting declines in hotel-based positions.

Figures: Official statistic.

## What the sources say

### Official outlook

BLS projects employment to grow 2.6% from 2025 to 2035. Source: [BLS Employment Projections 2025-35](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=39-6012&ioType=o) (Official statistic).

### AI exposure studies

- **70%** of this job's tasks are exposed to large language models. Not a forecast of job losses. [Eloundou and others, 2023](https://github.com/openai/GPTs-are-GPTs/blob/main/data/occ_level.csv) (Official statistic)

Data as of BLS OEWS May 2025; BLS Employment Projections 2025-35. BLS publishes these counts as yearly survey snapshots and cautions against reading them as a precise trend. In May 2021 BLS changed how it estimates these counts (a model-based method using three years of survey data) and moved fully to the 2018 occupation codes, so part of a change across 2021 can come from the method rather than the work.

## Concierges employment and pay by year

- On record since: 1700
- Latest US employment: 49,240 (May 2025). Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 [1]
- Latest US median pay: $38,950 (May 2025). Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 [3]
- Outlook: +2.6% by 2035. Source: BLS Employment Projections 2025-35 [12]

### All 24 years of cited US data

| Year | US employment | Annual pay (median unless marked) | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | n/a | $21,320 | BLS CPS 2000 [2] |
| 2003 | 16,710 | $21,800 | BLS OEWS May 2003 [1] |
| 2004 | 17,310 | $23,370 | BLS OEWS May 2004 [1] |
| 2005 | 16,810 | $23,510 | BLS OEWS May 2005 [1] |
| 2006 | 19,150 | $24,600 | BLS OEWS May 2006 [1] |
| 2007 | 19,770 | $25,540 | BLS OEWS May 2007 [1] |
| 2008 | 20,380 | $27,180 | BLS OEWS May 2008 [1] |
| 2009 | 20,470 | $27,270 | BLS OEWS May 2009 [1] |
| 2010 | 19,650 | $27,860 | BLS OEWS May 2010 [1] |
| 2011 | 22,650 | $27,350 | BLS OEWS May 2011 [1] |
| 2012 | 25,880 | $27,250 | BLS OEWS May 2012 [1] |
| 2013 | 30,190 | $27,810 | BLS OEWS May 2013 [1] |
| 2014 | 31,050 | $28,170 | BLS OEWS May 2014 [1] |
| 2015 | 31,430 | $29,030 | BLS OEWS May 2015 [1] |
| 2016 | 32,020 | $29,250 | BLS OEWS May 2016 [1] |
| 2017 | 35,750 | $30,150 | BLS OEWS May 2017 [1] |
| 2018 | 37,490 | $30,400 | BLS OEWS May 2018 [1] |
| 2019 | 41,670 | $31,390 | BLS OEWS May 2019 [1] |
| 2020 | 36,800 | $32,380 | BLS OEWS May 2020 [1] |
| 2021 | 33,560 | $35,210 | BLS OEWS May 2021 [1] |
| 2022 | 37,600 | $35,560 | BLS OEWS May 2022 [1] |
| 2023 | 41,020 | $37,150 | BLS OEWS May 2023 [1] |
| 2024 | 44,200 | $37,320 | BLS OEWS May 2024 [1] |
| 2025 | 49,240 | $38,950 | BLS OEWS May 2025 [1] |

## Sources (67)

### Employment series

1. BLS OEWS, national cross-industry estimates (flat file), Bureau of Labor Statistics. Editions: [2003](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm03nat.zip), [2004](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm04nat.zip), [2005](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm05nat.zip), [2006](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm06nat.zip), [2007](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm07nat.zip), [2008](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm08nat.zip), [2009](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm09nat.zip), [2010](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm10nat.zip), [2011](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm11nat.zip), [2012](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm12nat.zip), [2013](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm13nat.zip), [2014](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm14nat.zip), [2015](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm15nat.zip), [2016](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm16nat.zip), [2017](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm17nat.zip), [2018](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm18nat.zip), [2019](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm19nat.zip), [2020](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm20nat.zip), [2021](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm21nat.zip), [2022](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm22nat.zip), [2023](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm23nat.zip), [2024](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm24nat.zip), [2025](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip)

### Wage series

2. [BLS CPS — Employed full time: Median usual weekly nominal earnings, Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges, 16 years and over (LEU0254549400), 2000 annual average: $410/week (annualized at 52 weeks = $21,320)](https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LEU0254549400), U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
3. BLS OEWS, national cross-industry estimates (flat file), Bureau of Labor Statistics. Editions: [2003](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm03nat.zip), [2004](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm04nat.zip), [2005](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm05nat.zip), [2006](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm06nat.zip), [2007](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm07nat.zip), [2008](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm08nat.zip), [2009](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm09nat.zip), [2010](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm10nat.zip), [2011](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm11nat.zip), [2012](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm12nat.zip), [2013](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm13nat.zip), [2014](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm14nat.zip), [2015](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm15nat.zip), [2016](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm16nat.zip), [2017](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm17nat.zip), [2018](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm18nat.zip), [2019](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm19nat.zip), [2020](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm20nat.zip), [2021](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm21nat.zip), [2022](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm22nat.zip), [2023](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm23nat.zip), [2024](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm24nat.zip), [2025](https://www.bls.gov/oes/special-requests/oesm25nat.zip)

### Tool eras

4. [Les Clefs d'Or — About / History (founding October 1929, Pierre Quentin, Hotel Ambassador Paris)](https://www.lesclefsdor.org/about/history/), Union Internationale des Concierges d'Hotels (Les Clefs d'Or)
5. [Slate — "Hotel concierge: History and origins of the hospitality profession" (August 2015)](https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/08/hotel-concierge-history-and-origins-of-the-hospitality-profession.html), Slate
6. [TravelZork — "Concierge History: How The Role Evolved" (Les Clefs d'Or founding and expansion)](https://travelzork.com/concierge-history-how-the-role-evolved/), TravelZork
7. [Four Seasons History — 1980-1989 (company-wide concierge at all US flagship properties)](https://www.fourseasons.com/about_four_seasons/four_seasons_history/1980_to_1989/), Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts
8. [StayNTouch — "The Evolution of Hotel Technology: From Legacy to Mobility" (PMS history in hotels, 1960s-2000s)](https://www.stayntouch.com/blog/hotel-technology-through-the-ages-1960s-2016/), StayNTouch
9. [Wikipedia — OpenTable (founded 1998, online restaurant reservation history)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenTable), Wikipedia
10. [HFTP — "Revolutionizing Hospitality: How AI-Powered Chatbots and Virtual Concierge Services Elevate the Guest Experience" (context on digital-era shifts in guest information access)](https://www.hftp.org/blog/revolutionizing-hospitality-ai-powered-chatbots-virtual-concierge), Hospitality Financial and Technology Professionals (HFTP)
11. [BLS National Employment Matrix 2024-34 — 39-6012 Concierges by industry (healthcare 23.6%, accommodation 20.8%, real estate 20.0%)](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=39-6012&ioType=o), Bureau of Labor Statistics

### Forecasts and exposure studies

12. [BLS Employment Projections 2025-35, National Employment Matrix: 39-6012 Concierges (2025: 50.2 thousand; 2035: 51.5 thousand; +2.6%)](https://data.bls.gov/projections/nationalMatrix?queryParams=39-6012&ioType=o), Bureau of Labor Statistics
13. [Eloundou, Manning, Mishkin & Rock (2023), "GPTs are GPTs", occupation-level exposure data occ\_level.csv (O\*NET-SOC 39-6012.00, human-rated β 0.7)](https://github.com/openai/GPTs-are-GPTs/blob/main/data/occ_level.csv), OpenAI

### Historical notes

14. [Wikipedia — Concierge (etymology, medieval and royal palace origins)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concierge), Wikipedia
15. [Slate — "Hotel concierge: History and origins of the hospitality profession" (19th-century grand hotels, Swiss professionals)](https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/08/hotel-concierge-history-and-origins-of-the-hospitality-profession.html), Slate
16. [Les Clefs d'Or — About / History (founding October 26, 1929, Pierre Quentin, Hotel Ambassador Paris)](https://www.lesclefsdor.org/about/history/), Union Internationale des Concierges d'Hotels (Les Clefs d'Or)
17. [InsideHook — "Concierge Confidential: Tom Wolfe, America's First Concierge" (Fairmont San Francisco, 1974)](https://www.insidehook.com/travel-san-francisco/concierge-confidential-americas-first-concierge-san-francisco), InsideHook
18. [O\*NET 39-6012.00 — Occupation description and SOC classification (2000 SOC introduction)](https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/39-6012.00), O\*NET / BLS
19. [EHL Hospitality Insights — "COVID-19: Impact on the hospitality workforce" (70% of hotel staff furloughed or laid off, 8 million leisure and hospitality jobs lost)](https://insights.ehl.edu/covid-19-impact-hospitality-workforce), EHL Hospitality Business School

### Predecessors & successors

20. [Wikipedia — Concierge (etymology and medieval origins)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concierge), Wikipedia
21. [Slate — "Hotel concierge: History and origins of the hospitality profession" (Suisse apartment concierges, Swiss migration to France)](https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/08/hotel-concierge-history-and-origins-of-the-hospitality-profession.html), Slate

### Present-day analysis

- [Eloundou et al. 2024 — GPTs are GPTs (Science)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10130), accessed 2026-05-21
- [O\*NET 30.3 — US Department of Labor](https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html), accessed 2026-05-21

How to read these figures: https://futurehistory.earth/methodology. Every figure links to its own source; gaps stay gaps.